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Tag: IPC 498a – Conviction Not Sustainable due to Null and Void Marriage

M.Sreenivasulu and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors on 15 May 2024

Posted on May 25, 2024 by ShadesOfKnife

AP High Court held that once marriage is declared null and void ab-initio, no criminal proceedings for cruelty u/s 498A IPC are maintainable and on that ground discharge petition filed must be allowed.

From Para 16,

16. Learned counsel for the Petitioners contends that even upon conducting the trial, the ultimate conclusion of the proceedings is anticipated to result in the acquittal of the accused individuals. Consequently, it is asserted that the trial Court, given this foreseeable outcome, should have exercised its discretion to discharge the accused persons from further legal proceedings. In support of their contention, the Petitioners have also placed reliance on the judgment of the Hon’ble Apex Court in P. Siva Kumar & ors. V. State Rep., by the Deputy Superintendent of Police and ors7, wherein it held that:
7. Undisputedly, the marriage between the appellant No.1 and PW-1 has been found to be null and void. As such the conviction under Section 498-A IPC would not be sustainable in view of the judgment of this Court in the case Shivcharan Lal Verma’s case supra. So far as the conviction under Sections 3 and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act is concerned, the learned trial Judge by an elaborate reasoning, arrived at after appreciation of evidence, has found that the prosecution has failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt. In an appeal/revision, the High court could have set aside the order of acquittal only if the findings as recorded by the trial Court were perverse or impossible.

From Paras 17 and 18,

17. The learned counsel representing the Petitioners ardently asserts that in instances where a marriage is deemed null and void, the pursuit of legal proceedings under sections 3 and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act becomes untenable. Central to this argument is the delineation of “dowry” as envisaged within the Act, positing it as a demand for property or valuable security intricately intertwined with the institution of marriage.  Emphasizing the exhaustive scope of dowry as defined in section 2 of the Dowry Prohibition Act, counsel underscores its inclusive nature, encompassing a wide array of assets and properties exchanged directly or indirectly in connection with matrimonial alliances. Furthermore, counsel contends that once a marriage is declared null and void, any purported demand for dowry in relation to said marriage loses legal validity. Notably, in the case of P. Siva Kumar’s case as referred to supra, the Hon’ble Apex Court independently scrutinized the trial court’s decision, despite the nullification of the marriage, to assess the applicability of charges under sections 3 and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act.
18. Learned counsel for the Petitioners has apprised the Court of an admission made by the 2nd Respondent herein (wife/Defacto Complainant) during the Family Court proceedings. The order passed in F.C.O.P.No.1275 of 2015 reveals that the wife/Defacto Complainant did not raise any objection to the declaration of the marriage as null and void, but sought leave to contest other allegations pertaining to the recovery of amounts and ornaments through separate proceedings. Additionally, it appears that both parties have reached an amicable compromise, rendering the  continuation of the proceedings unnecessary. In light of these circumstances, this Court is inclined to believe that the Petitioners have established a  case warranting the allowing of the Revision Case.

M.Sreenivasulu and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors on 15 May 2024

Index of Divorce judgments is here.

Posted in High Court of Andhra Pradesh Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 1-Judge Bench Decision IPC 498a - Conviction Not Sustainable due to Null and Void Marriage M.Sreenivasulu and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors Nullity Petition Allowed P Sivakumar and 2 Ors Vs State of Tamil Nadu Shivcharan Lal Verma and Anr Vs State of Madhya Pradesh | Leave a comment

Kantharaju Vs State of Karnataka on 17 Jul 2023

Posted on July 22, 2023 by ShadesOfKnife

A single Judge of Karnataka High Court, after relying on Shivcharan and Sivakumar, held as follows,

From Para 14 and 15,

14. The ratio of these two judgments of the Hon’ble Supreme Court clearly indicates that, if the marriage between the husband and wife ended as null and void, the offence under Section 498-A of IPC cannot be sustained.
15. Admittedly, in the present case, the complainant in her evidence, PW.2 being the mother of PW.1 both have consistently deposed and admitted that, PW.1 is the second wife of the petitioner. Accordingly, the concurrent findings of the Courts below in recording the conviction requires to be set aside.

Kantharaju Vs State of Karnataka on 17 Jul 2023

Citations:

Other Sources:

Posted in High Court of Karnataka Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 1-Judge Bench Decision IPC 498a - Conviction Not Sustainable due to Null and Void Marriage Kantharaju Vs State of Karnataka P Sivakumar and 2 Ors Vs State of Tamil Nadu Reportable Judgement or Order Shivcharan Lal Verma and Anr Vs State of Madhya Pradesh | Leave a comment

Shivcharan Lal Verma and Anr Vs State of Madhya Pradesh on 19 Feb 2002

Posted on March 2, 2023 by ShadesOfKnife

A full bench of Supreme Court held as follows regarding validity of 498A IPC proceedings when the marriage is null and void,

From Para 2,

2. This matter had not been taken up for hearing for this length of time as the judgment of this Court holding Section 306 of the IPC to be unconstitutional, was under re-consideration by the constitution bench. The constitution bench finally disposed of the matter in criminal case No. 274 of 1984 and batch and set aside the earlier judgment of this Court and held that Section 306 is constitutionally valid. In view of the aforesaid constitution bench decision, two questions arise for consideration in this appeal. One, whether the prosecution under Section 498A can at all be attracted since the marriage with Mohini itself was null and void, the same having been performed during the lifetime of Kalindi. Second, whether the conviction under Section 306 could at all be sustained in the absence of any positive material to hold that Mohini committed suicide because of any positive act on the part of either Shiv Charan or Kalindi.

Finally,

There may be considerable force in the argument of Mr. Khanduja, learned counsel for the appellant so far as conviction under Section 498A is concerned, inasmuch as the alleged marriage with Mohini during the subsistence of valid marriage with Kalindi is null and void. We, therefore, set aside the conviction and sentence under Section 498A of the IPC.


Citations : [2002 ACR SC 1 946], [2007 DMC SC 1 120], [2002 JT SC 2 641], [2007 SCC 15 369], [2010 SCC CRI 3 729], [2002 CRIMES SC 2 177], [2002 SUPREME 3 168], [2006 SLT 9 493], [2007 CCR 1 115]

Other Sources:

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/145448/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609adbae4b01497114121aa


Delhi High Court followed this here as precedent and is binding and but not the Reema Aggarwal v. Anupam And Others.


Index of Quash judgements is here and HMA Judgments is here.

Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 3-Judge (Full) Bench Decision IPC 498a - Conviction Not Sustainable due to Null and Void Marriage Landmark Case Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Reportable Judgement or Order Shivcharan Lal Verma and Anr Vs State of Madhya Pradesh | Leave a comment

P Sivakumar and 2 Ors Vs State of Tamil Nadu on 09 Feb 2023

Posted on March 2, 2023 by ShadesOfKnife

A division bench of Apex Court relying on landmark 3-judge bench decision here, held as follows,

From Para 5,

5. Mr. S.Nagamuthu, learned senior counsel for the appellants submits that the marriage between the parties has been held to be null and void by the judgment of the High Court of Madras, Madurai Bench by order dated 25.02.2021. He therefore submits that in view of the judgment of this Court in the case of Shivcharan Lal Verma v. State of Madhya Pradesh reported in (2007) 15 SCC 369, the conviction under Section 498-A IPC would not be sustainable.

From Para 7,

7. Undisputedly, the marriage between the appellant No.1 and PW-1 has been found to be null and void. As such the conviction under Section 498-A IPC would not be sustainable in view of the judgment of this Court in the case Shivcharan Lal Verma’s case supra. So far as the conviction under Sections 3 and 4 of the Dowry Prohibition Act is concerned, the learned trial Judge by an elaborate reasoning, arrived at after appreciation of evidence, has found that the prosecution has failed to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt. In an appeal/revision, the High court could have set aside the order of acquittal only if the findings as recorded by the trial Court were perverse or impossible.

P Sivakumar and 2 Ors Vs State of Tamil Nadu on 09 Feb 2023

Citations :

Other Sources:


Index of Quash judgements is here and HMA Judgments is here.

Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 2-Judge (Division) Bench Decision Acquitted in IPC 498A IPC 498a - Conviction Not Sustainable due to Null and Void Marriage IPC 498A and 3 and 4 DP Act Combo Alleged P Sivakumar and 2 Ors Vs State of Tamil Nadu | Leave a comment

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