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True Colors of a Vile Wife

Tag: HM Act 13 – Divorce

Y.Narasimha Rao and Ors Vs Y.Venkata Lakshmi and Anr on 9 Jul 1991

Posted on January 19 by ShadesOfKnife

A division bench of Apex Court gave these interpretations to the various conditions under Section 13 of C.P.C. while deciding a foreign judgment is enforceable in India or not.

From Para 12,

12. We believe that the relevant provisions of Section 13 of the Code are capable of being interpreted to secure the required certainty in the sphere of this branch of law in conformity with public policy, justice, equity and good conscience, and the rules so evolved will protect the sanctity of the institution of marriage and the unity of family which are the corner stones of our societal life.

Clause (a) of Section 13 states that a foreign judgment shall not be recognised if it has not been pronounced by a court of competent jurisdiction. We are of the view that this clause should be interpreted to mean that only that court will be a court of competent jurisdiction which the Act or the law under which the parties are married recognises as a court of competent jurisdiction to entertain the matrimonial dispute. Any other court should be held to be a court without jurisdiction unless both parties voluntarily and unconditionally subject themselves to the jurisdiction of that court. The expression “competent court” in Section 41 of the Indian Evidence Act has also to be construed likewise.

Clause (b) of Section 13 states that if a foreign has not been given on the merits of the case, the courts in this country will not recognise such judgment. This clause should be interpreted to mean (a) that the decision of the foreign court should be on a ground available under the law under which the parties are married, and (b) that the decision should be a result of the contest between the parties. The latter requirement is fulfilled only when the respondent is duly served and voluntarily and unconditionally submits himself/herself to the jurisdiction of the court and contests the claim, or agrees to the passing of the decree with or without appearance. A mere filing of the reply to the claim under protest and without submitting to the jurisdiction of the court, or an appearance in the Court either in person or through a representative for objecting to the jurisdiction of the Court, should not be considered as a decision on the merits of the case. In this respect the general rules of the acquiescence to the jurisdiction of the Court which may be valid in other matters and areas should be ignored and deemed inappropriate.

The second part of clause (c) of Section 13 states that where the judgment is founded on a refusal to recognise the law of this country in cases in which such law is applicable, the judgment will not be recognised by the courts in this country. The marriages which take place in this country can only be under either the customary or the statutory law in force in this country. Hence, the only law that can be applicable to the matrimonial disputes is the one under which the parties are married, and no other law. When, therefore, a foreign judgment is founded on a jurisdiction or on ground not recognised by such law, it is a judgment which is in defiance of the Law. Hence, it is not conclusive of the matters adjudicated therein and therefore, unenforceable in this country. For the same reason, such a judgment will also be unenforceable under clause (f) of Section 13, since such a judgment would obviously be in breach of the matrimonial law in force in this country.

Clause (d) of Section 13 which makes a foreign judgment unenforceable on the ground that the proceedings in which it is obtained are opposed to natural justice, states no more than an elementary principle on which any civilised system of justice rests. However, in matters concerning the family law such as the matrimonial disputes, this principle has to b extended to mean something more than mere compliance with the technical rules of procedure. If the rule of audi alteram partem has any meaning with reference to the proceedings in a foreign court, for the purposes of the rule it should not be deemed sufficient that the respondent has been duly served with the process of the court. It is necessary to ascertain whether the respondent was in a position to present or represent himself/herself and contest effectively the said proceedings. This requirement should apply equally to the appellate proceedings if and when they are file by either party. If the foreign court has not ascertained and ensured such effective contest by requiring the petitioner to make all necessary provisions for the respondent to defend including the costs of travel, residence and litigation where necessary, it should be held that the proceedings are in breach of the principles of natural justice. It is for this reason that we find that the rules of Private International Law of some countries insist, even in commercial matters, that the action should be filed in the forum where the defendant is either domiciled or is habitually resident. It is only in special cases which is called special jurisdiction where the claim has some real link with other forum that a judgment of such forum is recognised. This jurisdiction principle is also recognised by the Judgments Convention of this European Community . If, therefore, the courts in this country also insist as a matter of rule that foreign matrimonial judgment will be recognised only it it is of the forum where the respondent is domiciled or habitually and permanently resides, the provisions of clause (d) may be held to have been satisfied. The provision of clause (e) of Section 13 which requires that the courts in this country will not recognise a foreign judgment if it has been obtained by fraud, is self-evident. However, in view of the decision of this Court in Smt. Satya v. Teja Singh, (supra) it must be understood that the fraud need not be only in relation to the merits of the mater but may also be in relation to jurisdictional facts.

Y.Narasimha Rao and Ors Vs Y.Venkata Lakshmi and Anr on 9 Jul 1991

Citations : [1991 SCC CRI 1 626], [1991 CRIMES SC 2 855], [1991 SCALE 2 1], [1991 SCR 2 821], [1991 SCC 3 451], [1991 DMC SC 2 366], [1991 JT SC 1 33], [1991 LW 2 646]

Other Sources :

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/989920/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ac6be4b014971140ed08

Tagged 2-Judge (Division) Bench Decision HM Act 13 - Divorce Landmark Case Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Y.Narasimha Rao and Ors Vs Y.Venkata Lakshmi and Anr | Leave a comment

Rani Narasimha Sastry Vs Rani Suneela Rani on 19 November, 2019

Posted on December 9, 2019 by ShadesOfKnife

Apex Court has held that after acquittal from IPC 498A case, husband can file for divorce under the ground of Cruelty.

Telangana High Court said that,

14…..

Merely because the respondent has sought for maintenance or has filed a complaint against the petitioner for the offence punishable under Section 498-A of IPC, they cannot be said to be valid grounds for holding that such a recourse adopted by the respondent amounts to cruelty.”

The Supreme Court disapproved of this view.

The above observation of the High Court cannot be approved. It is true that it is open for anyone to file complaint or lodge prosecution for redressal for his or her grievances and lodge a first information report for an offence also and mere lodging of complaint or FIR cannot ipso facto be treated as cruelty. But when a person undergoes a trial in which he is acquitted of the allegation of offence under Section 498-A of IPC, levelled by the wife against the husband, it cannot be accepted that no cruelty has meted on the husband. As per pleadings before us, after parties having been married on 14.08.2005, they lived together only 18 months and thereafter they are separately living for more than a decade now.

Rani Narasimha Sastry Vs Rani Suneela Rani on 19 November, 2019

Citations : [2019 SCC ONLINE SC 1595], [2019 (6) CTC 587]

Other Sources:

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/60266171/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5e01d7a18ef1524a1e205ef8


The High Court of Telangana decision that got set aside is here.


Index of all Domestic Violence Judgments is here.

Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 498A Case Dismissed Earlier Acquitted in IPC 498A Divorce granted on Cruelty ground HM Act 13 - Divorce HM Act 13 - Divorce Granted to Husband HM Act 13 - Divorce Granted to Husband on Acquittal from IPC 498A case IPC 498A - Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty Rani Narasimha Sastry Vs Rani Suneela Rani Sandeep Pamarati Sensational Or Peculiar Cases

Amit Welangi Vs Nupur Welangi on 1 Jun 2018

Posted on June 12, 2018 by ShadesOfKnife

The knife made many false allegations on her husband (Pune-based IT Project Manager) in DVC and the Hon’ble High Court of Karnataka has granted Divorce due to this.

The baseless and false allegations are

  • addicted to consumption of alcohol
  • come home fully drunk
  • quarreling with her on various silly matters
  • abusing her in front of her child and spoiling family atmosphere
  • abusing her in filthy language
  • harassed and subjected to mental torture
  • manhandled her
  • in the company of and having illicit relationship with another woman and spending huge amount on her
  • undergoing second marriage with another woman
  • filed a frivolous petition against knife

 

Amit SO Vinay Welangi Vs Nupur WO Amit Welangi on 1 June, 2018
Posted in High Court of Karnataka Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged Amit SO Vinay Welangi Vs Nupur WO Amit Welangi Baseless charges Against Spouse is Cruelty Divorce granted on Cruelty ground HM Act 13 - Divorce HM Act 13 - Divorce Granted to Husband HM Act 25 – Permanent Alimony Allowed Perjury Under 340 CrPC | Leave a comment

Smt. Sureshta Devi Vs Om Prakash on 7 February, 1991

Posted on May 19, 2018 by ShadesOfKnife

In this Supreme Court judgment, a mutual consent Divorce decree is set aside because knife says consent was obtained under pressure and threat.

 

Smt. Sureshta Devi vs Om Prakash on 7 February, 1991
Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged Consent Obtained Under Pressure Divorce Set Aside HM Act 13 - Divorce Smt. Sureshta Devi Vs Om Prakash | Leave a comment

V.Bhagat Vs D.Bhagat on 19 November, 1993

Posted on May 15, 2018 by ShadesOfKnife

Another landmark judgment from Hon’ble Apex Court clearly defining the meaning of Mental Cruelty with respect to Divorce petition.

V. Bhagat vs D. Bhagat on 19 November, 1993

Citations : [1994 UJ SC 1 70], [1994 AIR SC 710], [1993 SCALE 4 488], [1994 SCC 1 337], [1994 BLJR 1 1], [1994 PUNJ LR 1 603], [1994 GLH 1 186], [1994 AN LT SC 1 14], [1994 BOMLR 96 360], [1994 ALT SC 1 14], [1994 ALR 23 77], [1994 LW 1 27], [1994 CIVILCC 558], [1993 JT SC 6 428], [1993 SUPP SCR 3 796], [1993 SUPPSCR 3 796], [1994 UJ 1 70], [1994 AIR 710]

Other Sources:

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1848484/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609ac91e4b014971140f2cb#20


The Index is here.

Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 2-Judge (Division) Bench Decision Divorce granted on Cruelty ground HM Act 13 - Divorce Landmark Case Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Mental Cruelty Reportable Judgement or Order V.Bhagat Vs D.Bhagat | Leave a comment

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