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Tag: CrPC 156 – Police Officer’s Power to Investigate Cognizable Case

Jagannath Verma and Ors Vs State of UP and Anr on 23 Sep 2014

Posted on May 1, 2022 by ShadesOfKnife

A Full bench of Allahabad High Court held that, an order of the magistrate rejecting an application under Section 156 (3) of the Code for the registration of a case by the police and for investigation is not an interlocutory order. Such an order is amenable to the remedy of a criminal revision under Section 397′

In view of the discussion above and for the reasons which we have furnished, we have come to the following conclusion:
(i) Before the Full Bench of this Court in Father Thomas, the controversy was whether a direction to the police to register a First Information Report in regard to a case involving a cognizable offence and for investigation is open to revision at the instance of a person suspected of having committed a crime against whom neither cognizance has been taken nor any process issued. Such an order was held to be interlocutory in nature and, therefore, to attract the bar under sub-section (2) of Section 397. The decision in Father Thomas does not decide the issue as to whether the rejection of an application under Section 156 (3) would be amenable to a revision under Section 397 by the complainant or the informant whose application has
been rejected;
(ii) An order of the magistrate rejecting an application under Section 156 (3) of the Code for the registration of a case by the police and for investigation is not an interlocutory order. Such an order is amenable to the remedy of a criminal revision under Section 397; and
(iii) In proceedings in revision under Section 397, the prospective accused or, as the case may be, the person who is suspected of having committed the crime is entitled to an opportunity of being heard before a decision is taken in the criminal revision.

Jagannath Verma and Ors Vs State of UP and Anr on 23 Sep 2014

Citations : [2015 ALLMR CRI 129], [2014 JIC 3 930], [2015 ALLCC 88 1], [2014 UPLBEC 4 2665], [2014 KLT SN 4 109], [2014 CTC 6 353], [2014 AIR ALL 214], [2014 ADJ 8 439], [2015 CCR ALL 2 59], [2015 RCR CRIMINAL 1 414], [2014 SCC ONLINE ALL 11859], [2014 MWN CRI 3 161], [2014 ALL LJ 6 405]

Other Sources :

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/128706736/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/56b49301607dba348f003b58

Posted in High Court of Allahabad Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 3-Judge (Full) Bench Decision Catena of Landmark Judgments Referred/Cited to CrPC 156 - Police Officer's Power to Investigate Cognizable Case CrPC 156(3) - Any Magistrate Empowered u/s 190 May Order Such an Investigation as above-mentioned Jagannath Verma and Ors Vs State of UP and Anr Landmark Case Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Reportable Judgement or Order | Leave a comment

Commercial Toyota Vs State of Uttarakhand and Anr on 31 Jul 2019

Posted on April 9, 2022 by ShadesOfKnife

A Single judge bench at Uttarakhand High Court held that non-filing of supporting affidavit in a 156(3) CrPC application, seeking registration of a FIR, is a curable defect and Magistrate may ask the petitioner to file the affidavit before initiating proceedings in the said application.

From Para 10,

10. The main controversy, which is being raised by the learned counsel for the revisionist, was the necessity to file an application under Section 156(3), which has had to be supported by an affidavit as it has been provided by the judgment of the Hon’ble Apex Court in Priyanka Srivastava’s matter (supra). The said judgment had a very laudable purpose and object to be achieved that the invocation of Section 156(3), should not be made by the applicant to adopt it as a matter of drawing a farce proceeding against the accused person or for vengeance of personal grievances. The intention and purpose which the judgment wanted to postulate to be adhere to by the Magistrates before whom the applications are filed for taking cognizance of the offence complained of invoking Section 156(3) has had to have an assurance that the factual narration of fact given in the application attaches a sanctity to it and is not based on a frivolous set of allegations. That is why the Hon’ble Apex Court has held that when the application under Section 156(3) is considered by the Court that its the Magistrate concerned, it also castes a duty on the Magistrate himself to ensure that the application preferred under Section 156(3) is authentic and genuine and in order to attach that authenticity, it has been laid down that the application has to be supported with an affidavit.

From Para 12,

12. The very observation made in paragraph 30 (as quoted above) of the judgment of the Priyanka Srivastava’s case (supra) where a responsibility has been shouldered on the Magistrate with regards to the propriety of the application to be supported by an affidavit, i.e. the stage when the proceedings are initiated that in itself makes the defect of the application being supported by an affidavit as to be curable in nature because if an application is not supported by an affidavit and is rejected, it may in a particular circumstance result into depriving of a right of a citizen to invoke the proceedings of Section 156(3) and in these circumstances the Court or the Magistrate can always direct the applicant to file an affidavit in support of his application under Section 156(3) so as to make it maintainable before the Court. If that defect of application under Section 156(3) not being supported with affidavit, is made as an uncurable, it may at times in some cases be giving superior hard to the Magistrate to deprive the applicant of filing application under Section 156(3) by rejecting the same on this procedural ground itself.

From Para 13,

13. In the present case a very peculiar circumstance has emerged the peculiarity is that the revisional court has remitted the matter back to the Trial Court to decide the application afresh. Deciding afresh would mean its at an stage of inception and consideration of the proceedings right from its initial stage, as if it is being entertained for the first time. On revival of the proceedings the Court can always in the light and the spirit enunciated in paragraph 30 of the judgment can direct the applicant (revisionist herein) to support his application along with an affidavit to make it entertainable before the Magistrate concerned. Hence, this Court is of the view that filing of an affidavit in support of Section 156(3) application is curable, in the light and spirit of the observation made in paragraph 30 of the Judgment of Priyanka Srivastava’s case (supra).

Commercial Toyota Vs State of Uttarakhand and Anr on 31 Jul 2019

Citations: [2019 SCC ONLINE UTT 749]

Other Sources :

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5d919982714d587fe94d9e28

Utt HC | Non-filing of affidavit along with the application under S. 156(3) of CrPC held to be a curable defect

Posted in High Court of Uttarakhand Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 1-Judge Bench Decision Commercial Toyota Vs State of Uttarakhand and Anr CrPC 156 - Police Officer's Power to Investigate Cognizable Case CrPC 156(3) - Application to be supported by an Affidavit Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes | Leave a comment

CrPC 156(3) Judgments

Posted on April 7, 2022 by ShadesOfKnife

Here is a collection of judgments pertaining to utilization of CrPC 156(3).

  1. Suresh Chand Jain Vs State of Madhya Pradesh and Anr on 10 Jan 2001 [SCI: The Complainant need not be examined on Oath by the Magistrate]
  2. Sakiri Vasu Vs State of U.P. and Ors on 7 Dec 2007 [SC: Magistrate has power to order registration of an F.I.R. and of ordering a proper investigation if the Magistrate is satisfied that a proper investigation has not been done, or is not being done by the police; Sequence is 154(1), then 154(3) and then 156(3)]
  3. Jagannath Verma and Ors Vs State of UP and Anr on 23 Sep 2014 [All HC: An order of the magistrate rejecting an application under Section 156 (3) of the Code for the registration of a case by the police and for investigation is not an interlocutory order. Such an order is amenable to the remedy of a criminal revision under Section 397]
  4. Priyanka Srivastava and Anr Vs State of UP and Ors on 19 March, 2015 [SCI: Section 156(3) Cr.P.C. applications are to be supported by an affidavit duly sworn by the applicant who seeks the invocation of the jurisdiction of the Magistrate; affidavit was mandatory in order to attach propriety and genuineness to the application preferred under Section 156 (3) of CrPC, it was ought to be supported with an affidavit so as to justify the set of allegations]
  5. Sabiya Begum Malka Vs State of U.P. and Ors on 18 May 2016 [All HC: Costs imposed on police for not filing FIR despite Orders u/s 156(3)]
  6. Commercial Toyota Vs State of Uttarakhand and Anr on 31 Jul 2019 [Uttarakhand HC: Non-filing of affidavit along with the application under S. 156(3) of CrPC held to be a curable defect]
  7. MS Supreme Bhiwandi Wada Manor Infrastructure Pvt Ltd Vs State of Maharashtra on 26 Jul 2021 [SCI: There is no scope for examining the complainant (or any witnesses) in a 156(3) CrPC proceeding, since that stage is pre-cognizance of any cognizable offence]

 


Go to All Protection from Police High-handedness

Posted in Assorted Court Judgments or Orders or Notifications | Tagged CrPC 156 - Police Officer's Power to Investigate Cognizable Case CrPC 156(3) - Any Magistrate Empowered u/s 190 May Order Such an Investigation as above-mentioned CrPC 156(3) - Application to be supported by an Affidavit CrPC 156(3) - Magistrate cannot examine the Complainant or Witness on Oath before taking Cognizance | Leave a comment

Lingam Seetharammayya and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors on 16 Mar 2021

Posted on April 5, 2021 by ShadesOfKnife

Single-judge bench of AP HC held that, one cannot directly approach the High Court u/Article 226 of Constitution of India, if the Police do not register an FIR if information about a cognizable offence is reported relying on the case law from AP HC here.

The remedies are under Section 154(3), 156(3) and Section 190 r/w.Sec.200 of Cr.P.C.

Lingam Seetharammayya and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors on 16 Mar 2021
Posted in High Court of Andhra Pradesh Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 1-Judge Bench Decision Article 226 of The Constitution of India - Exhaust the other remedies at Lower Courts Chegireddy Venkata Reddy Vs Government of Andhra Pradesh CrPC 154 - Information in Cognizable Cases CrPC 156 - Police Officer's Power to Investigate Cognizable Case CrPC 190 - Cognizance of Offences by Magistrates CrPC 200 - Examination Of Complainant Lalita Kumari Vs Govt.Of U.P. and Ors Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Lingam Seetharammayya and Ors Vs State of AP and Ors | Leave a comment

CrPC 156 – Police officer’s power to investigate cognizable case

Posted on July 6, 2018 by ShadesOfKnife
(1) Any officer in charge of a police station may, without the order of a Magistrate, investigate any cognizable case which a Court having jurisdiction over the local area within the limits of such station would have power to inquire into or try under the provisions of Chapter XIII.
(2) No proceeding of a police officer in any such case shall at any stage be called in question on the ground that the case was one which such officer was not empowered under this section to investigate.
(3) Any Magistrate empowered under section 190 may order such an investigation as above-mentioned.

154 CrPC is here. 155 CrPC is here. 190 CrPC is here.
Posted in Bare Acts or State Amendments or Statutes or GOs or Notifications issued by Central or State Governments | Tagged CrPC 156 - Police Officer's Power to Investigate Cognizable Case | Leave a comment

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