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Tag: Article 20 – Protection in respect of conviction for offences

Article 20 of the Constitution of India

Posted on March 21, 2019 by ShadesOfKnife

20. Protection in respect of conviction for offences

(1) No person shall be convicted of any offence except for violation of the law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an offence, nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted under the law in force at the time of the commission of the offence
(2) No person shall be prosecuted and punished for the same offence more than once
(3) No person accused of any offence shall be compelled to be a witness against himself
 

Article 20(2) : It is protection against Double Jeopardy in Criminal cases.

 
For a similar relief in Civil Cases, the principle of ‘Res Judicita‘ has to be invoked instead of Double Jeopardy, as Civil cases only involve Damages and compensation and not penal punishments as in Criminal Cases.
Posted in The Constitution Of India | Tagged Article 20 - Protection in respect of conviction for offences Double Jeopardy PIL - CrPC 125 Must Go From Statute Book Res Judicita | Leave a comment

Hardeep Singh Vs State of Punjab and Ors on 10 January, 2014

Posted on March 20, 2019 by ShadesOfKnife

Hon’ble Apex court held some key aspects in this landmark judgment such as,

  1. What is the stage at which power under Section 319 Cr.P.C. can be exercised?
  2. Whether the word “evidence” used in Section 319(1) Cr.P.C. could only mean evidence tested by cross examination or the court can exercise the power under the said provision even on the basis of the statement made in the examination-in-chief of the witness concerned?
  3. Whether the word “evidence” used in Section 319(1) Cr.P.C. has been used in a comprehensive sense and includes the evidence collected during investigation or the word “evidence” is limited to the evidence recorded during trial?
  4. What is the nature of the satisfaction required to invoke the power under Section 319 Cr.P.C. to arraign an accused? Whether the power under Section 319(1) Cr.P.C. can be exercised only if the court is satisfied that the accused summoned will in all likelihood convicted?
  5. Does the power under Section 319 Cr.P.C. extend to persons not named in the FIR or named in the FIR but not charged or who have been discharged?
Hardeep Singh Vs State of Punjab and Ors on 10 January, 2014

Citations : [2014 SCC CRI 2 86], [2014 RCR CRIMINAL SC 1 623], [2014 SUPREME 1 132], [2014 SLT 1 465], [2014 AIOL 21], [2014 SCC 3 92], [2014 CRIMES SC 1 133], [2014 AIR SC 1400], [2014 BOMCR CRI SC 1 772], [2014 ALLMR CRI SC 801], [2014 AIR SC 667], [2014 CRLJ SC 1118], [2014 JLJR SC 2 385], [2014 SCALE 1 241], [2014 SCC ONLINE SC 26], [2014 KLJ 1 410], [2014 AIC 135 86], [2014 ALD CRL SC 2 152], [2014 PLJR 2 482], [2014 KHC 1 170], [2014 ALLCC 85 313], [2014 CCR SC 1 244], [2014 ADJ 1 727], [2014 LW CRL 1 440], [2014 UC 1 304], [2014 CGLRW SC 1 491], [2014 RLW SC 1 727], [2014 SCJ 2 366], [2015 NCC 1 613], [2014 AD SC 1 609], [2014 JT SC 1 412], [2014 CAL LJ 2 75], [2014 KLT SC 1 336], [2014 AIR SCW 667]

Other Sources :

https://indiankanoon.org/doc/78958066/

https://www.casemine.com/judgement/in/5609af56e4b014971141618b


The latest case law from SC on this subject is here.

Posted in Supreme Court of India Judgment or Order or Notification | Tagged 5-Judge Constitiutional Bench Decision Article 20 - Protection in respect of conviction for offences Article 21 - Protection of life and personal liberty CrPC 319 - Power to proceed against other persons appearing to be guilty of offence Hardeep Singh Vs State of Punjab and Ors Landmark Case Legal Procedure Explained - Interpretation of Statutes Reportable Judgement or Order Right to Fair Trial | Leave a comment

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